Kushomeka kwemimwe mishonga yezvipfuyo kunoramba kuri dambudziko rakanyarara asi chairo muSpain nekuEurope yese. Mumarudzi akawanda emhuka, kubva ku mhuka dzinovaraidza, zvipfuwo, uye mhuka dzesangoKune zvirwere izvo kusati kwave kusina kurapa kwakakwana kwemvumo kana, zviri nyore, kupa hakuna kukwana.
Kuunza kurongeka kune iyi mamiriro uye kuseta zvekutanga zveindasitiri, iyo Spanish Agency yeMishonga uye Hutano Zvigadzirwa (AEMPS) yakaburitsa mushumo wepagore weVeterinary Medicines Availability Committee (CODI-VET), iyo inowedzera kune mamwe mabasa pane kuwana nekuchengetedzwa kwemishongaGwaro iri rinoongorora zvakarongeka marapiro ekurapa mumishonga yemhuka uye zvimwe zvinodikanwa zvekukurumidzira, kuitira kusimudzira tsvakiridzo, kusimudzira uye kushambadzira kwezvigadzirwa zvitsva zvinozadza aya mapeji.
Mepu yakadzama yemakwapa ekurapa nemhando dzemhuka
Chirevo cheCODI-VET hachigari pane zvakajairwa, asi chinoputsa kushomeka kwemapoka makuru emhuka. The classification inofukidza imbwa, katsi netsuro semhuka dzinovaraidza, uye anoenderera mberi kuchengeta nyuchi, kurima kwemvura, shiri, nyuchi, nguruve, mombe, mabhiza uye mhuka dzesango. Chimiro ichi chinobvumira kuzivikanwa kwakaringana kwenzvimbo uko kuwanikwa kwemishonga kunonyanya kushomeka.
Chinangwa chikuru ndechekuti indasitiri ive nemufananidzo wakajeka we prophylactic, therapeutic, hormonal uye diagnostic zvinodiwa haisati yakavharwa. Zvichienderana neruzivo urwu, chinangwa ndechekuti marabhoritari atarise mitsara yebasa apo hutano hunokanganisa, asi musika mudiki kana wakaoma, uye nekudaro mari yacho haina kujeka pasina kutungamira, kunyanya kana zvinhu zvakaita senge. mutengo wereferensi vanogadzirisa musika.
Gwaro iri, rinowanikwa pachena kuburikidza newebhusaiti yeAEMPS, rave chishandiso chekutarisa manejimendi, veterinary nyanzvi uye makambani, sezvo ichipfupisa zvese mugwaro rimwe chete. kushomeka kukuru kwemishonga yemhuka nemarudzi uye nemhando yezvirwere.
Mhuka dzinovaraidza: imbwa nekatsi dzakatarisana nechiripo chisina kukwana
Muchikamu chakatsaurirwa kushamwari mhuka, CODI-VET inotaura izvozvo Imbwa nekatsi Ivo vachiri kuda huwandu hwakawanda hwemishonga yakakosha iyo parizvino isingawanikwe mune inodiwa magadzirirwo kana kune inodiwa zviratidzo. Izvi hazvisi zvigadzirwa zvine hunyanzvi chete, asi mishonga inoshandiswa zuva nezuva mune zvekurapa kwezvipfuyo.
Pakati pezvikanganiso zvikuru, mushumo unotaura nezvekushaikwa kwezvimwe Ophthalmic mishonga, antivirals, uye nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)pamwe chete nekushomeka kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yekushandiswa kwemutsinga uye diagnostic agents akachinjirwa kune aya marudzi. Aya mapeji anoomesera manejimendi ezvakajairwa pathologies, kubva kuchirwere cheziso chisingaperi kusvika kune yakaoma kufema kana kugaya maitiro.
Mamiriro ezvinhu mune veterinary oncology akanyanya kutetepa. CODI-VET inosimbisa kudiwa kwe chaiyo antineoplastics yemuromo, subcutaneous uye intravenous kushandiswaKushaikwa kwesarudzo dzakanyoreswa kazhinji kunotimanikidza kuchinjisa mishonga kuti ishandiswe nevanhu, nezvimhingamipinyi zvinosanganisirwa nazvo maererano nekuchengetedzwa, dosi uye mutoro wepamutemo.
Chirevo chinoratidzawo kukanganisa mu psychotropic zvinodhaka zvakagadzirirwa kutonga kwekutya uye kusagadzikanaHigh-potency analgesics, anti-asthmatic zvinodhaka, uye mishonga yemwoyo yezvirwere zvisingaperi. Kune veterinarians vekiriniki, izvi zvinomiririra muganho ushoma wekufambisa, kunyanya muvarwere vane comorbidities kana avo vanoda kurapwa kwenguva refu.
Kurima kwetsuro, kuchengeta nyuchi neaquaculture: zvikamu zvine mikaha mikuru
Mumunda wekupfuya tsuro nekuchengeta tsuro dzinopfuyiwaChirevo chinoratidza kusavapo kwemishonga yakawanda inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoonekwa seyakakosha, senge mamwe mapenicillin anoshanda kwenguva refu kana mamwe macrolides. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anowedzerwa nekushaikwa kwe mukati uye kunze antiparasites yakanyatso kuchinjirwa kumarudzi, pamwe nejekiseni rekurwisa hosha dzakakosha senge coccidiosis kana tsuro epizootic enteropathy.
Zvinoenderana ne kuchengeta nyuchiCODI-VET iri kutarisa zvakare pakushomeka kwedzimwe nzira dzekurapa Varroa muparadziChipembenene ichi chinoramba chiri chimwe chevavengi vakuru vemikoko yenyuchi, uye mushumo wacho unoona kuvapo kwezvinhu zvitsva zvinoshanda zvinobvumira [chipembenene] chinhu chinokosha. Kutenderedza marapirwo uye kuderedza njodzi yekurambaMapoka akaonekwawo mumishonga yekurwisa Nosema spp., Paenibacillus larvae uye mamwe mavhairasi anobata nyuchi.
La aquaculture Zvinotaridza, zvakare, seimwe yemasekete ane yakanyanya kutaurwa yekurapa kushomeka. Gwaro rinotsanangura kushaikwa kwemishonga inorwisa parasitic kurwisa protozoa, monogeneans, uye arthropods muhove, pamwe ne kushomeka kwemishonga inorwisa utachiona yakakodzera uye mafomu emishonga akachinjirwa kumamiriro epurazi (semuenzaniso, premix, mabhati kana kunyudzwa).
Kupfuurirazve, kurumidziro yokuva inowanika inosimbiswa. majekiseni ekurwisa zvirwere zvinongomuka mumakungwa nemumvura yakachena, vachidudza vamiririri vakaita se Aeromonas salmonicidanodavirus Flavobacterium psychrophilum o Tenacibaculum spp.Kusavapo kwezvinhu izvi zvipenyu hazvikanganisi hutano hwehove chete, asiwo hupfumi hwehupfumi hwemapurazi uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Huku, mombe, nguruve uye diki diki diki: zvinodiwa pakugadzirwa kwemhuka
Muchitsauko chakatsaurirwa kuna huku dzinokandiraChirevo chinozivisa kugadzirwa kwemishonga mitsva yeantiparasitic kurwisa mite tsvuku sechinhu chekutanga, chipembenene chinokonzera kurasikirwa kukuru uye matambudziko emagariro. Zvinodawo kuti... Symptomatic marapirwo asiri chirimwa mavambo ekufema mamiriropamwe chete nemajekiseni anonangana nemabhakitiriya uye zvirwere zveenteric zvinoramba zvichikonzera kuputika mumapurazi.
For the shiri dzenyamaIyo CODI-VET inozivisa tsvakiridzo yekudzivirira kubva kuzvirwere zvakaita sepasteurellosis, salmonellosis, hutachiona hweORT, turkey hemorrhagic enteritis, uye mamwe maadenoviruses senzvimbo dzinonyanya kukosha. Uyezve, inosimbisa kukosha kwe... Dzimwe nzira dze colistin dzekudzora utachiona hunokonzerwa ne E. coli, maererano nemitemo yeEurope yokushandisa noungwaru mishonga inorwisa utachiona.
Muchikamu che mombeGwaro rinoratidza kushomeka mu antiparasitic mishonga yezvirwere zvakaita se theileriosis uye neosporosis, pamwe nekudikanwa kwekuwedzera huwandu hweakakodzera antimicrobials yerudzi urwu. Inosimbisawo kukosha kwekukudziridza majekiseni ekurwisa coccidia uye inotapukira nodular dermatosiskuwedzera kune polyvalent vaccine inosanganisira serotypes iyo parizvino isina kuvharwa zvisina kunaka, serotype 3.
El porcine Iyi inoratidzika kunge iri nyaya yakaoma. CODI-VET inozviona sechinhu chakakosha kufambira mberi mukati DIVA marker majekiseni ekurwisa African Swine Fever uye Classical Swine FeverZvishandiso zvakakosha zvekusiyanisa mhuka dzakabayiwa kubva kumhuka dzine utachiona dzinotaurwawo. Uyezve, mikaha mumishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inokosha uye majekiseni anodzivirira [chirwere chisina kutaurwa] anocherechedzwa. Brucella akadarostreptococci, Ascaris suis uye iyo coronavirus inokonzera denda remanyoka munguruve.
En los zvimedu zviduku (Makwai nembudzi), mushumo anoda antiparasitic mishonga pamwe formulations nani akakodzera mhuka idzi, mukuru Kuwanikwa anticoccidials uye antimicrobials kuti kufema uye yokuberekana ezvinhu, uyewo Anti-inflammatories anoonekwa zvinokosha mukuita zuva nezuva. Kubudirira kwe majekiseni ekurwisa chirwere chekufema cheovine chakaoma uye chinopesana Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, pamwe chete nemajekiseni epolyvalent anokwanisa kuvhara nhamba yakakura yekutenderera serotypes.
Mhuka dzemusango uye equines: dambudziko kune hutano hweveruzhinji uye hutano hwemhuka
Chirevo cheCODI-VET chinopa chimwe chikamu kune mhuka dzesangoBoka iri, rinowanzotariswa mumaitiro ekugadzira zvinodhaka, rinoita basa guru mukutapurirana kwezvirwere pakati pemhuka dzesango, zvipfuyo, nevanhu. Izvi zvinoburitsa kushomeka kwe... Sedatives uye anesthetics akakodzera tele-injection, chishandiso chakakosha chekubata nekubata zvisina njodzi mhuka dziri mumunda.
Zvakare zvinoratidzwa kushomeka kwemukati nekunze antiparasite mishonga inodiwa kudzora akakodzera zvirwere mumhuka dzesango, pamwe nekudiwa kwejekiseni chaiyo, semuenzaniso, iyo inotarirwa kudzora chirwere cherurindi munguruve dzomusangoIyo yekupedzisira inonyanya kukosha munzvimbo idzo nguruve dzemusango dzinoshanda sedhamu, zvine chekuita nekurima mombe uye hutano hwevanhu.
Kana ari equidsIyo CODI-VET inoburitsa rondedzero yakazara yemishonga yakakosha iyo isati yave kuwanikwa zvakakwana kuSpain. Izvi zvinosanganisira ma<em>broad-spectrum antimicrobials, selective anti-inflammatories, mishonga yezvirwere zvemudumbu, anticoagulants, uye sedatives zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemabhiza nemamwe maequines.
Gwaro iri rinotaurawo nezvekushaikwa kwemishonga yekurapa zvirwere zvakaita se<em>theileriosis mumabhiza, pamwe ne antineoplastics yekushandisa topical uye systemic pakurapa mamota eganda uye mamwe ma neoplasms. Pamusoro pezvo, pane kushomeka kwejekiseni rekudzivirira chirwere chakananga, senge equine viral arteritis, iyo inoramba ichinetsa muchikamu cheequestrian.
Uku kusanganiswa kwezvido mumhuka dzesango uye equines kune chekuita kwete chete pahutano hwemhuka, asiwo pane kudzivirira zoonoses uye mukuchengetedzeka kwevanhu vanoshanda vari pedyo nemhuka idzi, kubva kuvarapi vemhuka kusvika kuvashandi vepanzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka, mapurazi nenzvimbo dzekununura.
Basa reCODI-VET mukuvandudza kuwanikwa kwemishonga yemhuka
Kupfuura rondedzero yezvikanganiso, mushumo unorangarira chikonzero chekuvapo kwe Veterinary Medicines Availability CommitteeIyo CODI-VET iboka rakabatana rakabatanidzwa mukati meAEMPS iro basa guru ndere kusimudzira nekufambisa kuwanikwa kwemishonga yemhuka mumarudzi ose ayo kune mapeji ekurapa kana kupi, nokuti idiki niches yemusika, hapana mari yakakwana yekutengeserana yekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva.
Kuti uite izvi, komiti inosimudzira marudzi akasiyana ezviito: kubva ku kuzivikanwa uye kukoshesa zvinodiwaSezvinoita mushumo wepagore, izvi zvinosanganisira tsigiro yekutsvagisa, kuyedza, uye zvirongwa zvekuvandudza mishonga mitsva yekuzadza aya mapundu. Inokurudzirawo kunyoreswa uye kushambadzira kwezvigadzirwa munzvimbo umo, pasina iyi tsigiro yemasangano, ivo vangave vasingagone kuitika.
Basa reCODI-VET rakarongedzerwawo mukati memaitiro eEurope emishonga yezvipfuyo, iyo inotsvaga kuenzanisa kushandiswa zvine hunyanzvi kwemishonga inorwisa utachiona, kuchengetedzwa kwehutano hwemhuka, uye vimbiso yekugadzirwa kwezvipfuyo. Muchirevo ichi, the marapiro ekurapa mumishonga yemhuka Vanoonekwa kwete sedambudziko rehutano chete, asiwo sedambudziko rehupfumi uye hutano hwevanhu.
Mishumo yese yekomiti, kusanganisira iyo yakatsaurirwa kune marapirwo ekurapa uye zvimwe zvakakosha zvinodiwa, inogona kubvunzwa mune chikamu chezvinyorwa yemishonga yezvipfuyo pane webhusaiti yeAEMPS. Kubva ipapo, nyanzvi nemakambani vanogona kuwana ruzivo rwakadzama nezvemhando yega yega nenzvimbo yekurapa, vachishandisa ruzivo urwu segwara rekuzivisa sarudzo dzavo dzehunyanzvi uye mapurojekiti matsva.
Mufananidzo wakapendwa neCODI-VET unoratidza kuti, kunyangwe kufambira mberi kwakaitwa mukuwanikwa kwekurapa kwemarudzi mazhinji nezvirwere, Kushaikwa kukuru kunoenderera mune angangoita mapoka ese emhukaKugadzirisa izvi zvipingamupinyi zvekurapa kwakakosha pakuvandudza hutano hwemhuka nekugara zvakanaka, kusimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu, uye kuderedza njodzi yekutapurirana kwechirwere pakati pemhuka nevanhu, saka ruzivo rwunopihwa nemushumo rwunova nzira inobatsira kune vese manejimendi uye veterinary Pharmaceutical industry.