Michina yekutengesa muzvipatara nemudzimba dzevakweguru muSpain haichazofanane nemakeke, zvinwiwa zvine shuga, uye svutugadzike ine munyu. Ministry of Social Rights, Consumer Affairs uye Agenda 2030 Iri kugadzirira Royal Decree iyo inoda kuti, padiki, 80% yezvinopihwa nemidziyo iyi chikafu chine hutano hwekudya.
Shanduko iyi ichabata nzvimbo dzeveruzhinji uye dzepachivande uye ichawedzerawo kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza hutano, senge. zvipatara kana kuti masikatiPfungwa yedhipatimendi rinotungamirwa naPablo Bustinduy nderekuti nharaunda idzi, uko vanhu vazhinji vanopedza maawa vachiperekedza varwere kana kugara kwenguva refu, dzichamira kuva nzvimbo dzisingaite kuwana chinhu chine hutano chekudya.
Chii chichachinja mumakina ekutengesa muzvipatara nemudzimba dzinochengeterwa vakwegura?
Dingindira repakati remutemo mutsva rakajeka: zvirinani zvisere kubva kune gumi zvigadzirwa Sarudzo dziripo mumashini ekutengesa muzvipatara, misha inochengeterwa vakwegura, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekuchengeta dzinofanirwa kutariswa hutano. Chinangwa ndechekuti michina iyi ibve pakuva nzvimbo yekutengesa yakanangana nezvikafu zvekupedzisira-chakagadzirwa kuenda kune sosi inofambisa. zvimwe zvokudya zvine mwero zvakasarudzwa.
Sekureva kweConsumer Affairs Ministry, mutemo uyu uchaumba chikamu che Chirevo chehumambo paChikafu Chine Hutano muZvipatara uye Dzimba dzekugaraMutemo wakabatana nebazi rezvehutano une chinangwa chekudzora zvinopihwa mumahoro ekudyira nemumaresitorendi, pamwe nemuchina wekutengesa. Haisi yekungoshandura zvigadzirwa zvishoma, asi nezvekutanga ... chiyero chehutano hwekudya kunharaunda yese yehutano nemagariro ekuchengetedza.
Minister Pablo Bustinduy vakasimbirira kuti kana munhu akaperekedza hama iri muchipatara, kazhinji vanosangana “kusingagoneki” kwekutsvaga imwe nzira ine hutano mumakina ekutengesa. Mukuona kwake, idzi shanduko dzinogona kuratidzika sediki, asi dzine simba rakasimba pakodzero yekudya kwakakwana.
Chiyero ichi chinotorwa sechisungo kumakambani ane michina yekutengesa muzvipatara, misha inochengeterwa vakwegura, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakasanganisirwa mumutemo. Mune mamwe mazwi, hazvizove zviri nyore kurudziro, asi chinosungirwa chinodiwa. zvinodiwa nemutemo kana mutemo watanga kushanda.
Chii chichanzi chikafu chine hutano mumashini ekutengesa?
Iyo Royal Decree inotsanangura mhando dzezvigadzirwa izvo zvinofanirwa kuita iyo 80% ine hutano chikamu. Mukuita, kuwanda kwechipo kunofanira kusanganisira mvura, mukaka, michero mitsva, yogati isina shuga yakawedzerwa, muto wemichero, Zvisina-fried, zvishoma-munyu munyupamwe chete nechingwa chezviyo uye masangweji. Inovhurawo musuwo kune zvimwe zvinhu zvine chimiro chekudya chakafanana.
Chinangwa cheshumiro ndechekuti magadzirirwo ekutanga emuchina anokurudzira vashandisi kusarudza. sarudzo dzehutano hwakanaka hwekudyaIzvi zvinosuduruka kubva kune yazvino modhi apo zvigadzirwa zvakawandisa mushuga, munyu, uye mafuta akaguta ndizvo zvinogara. Nenzira iyi, nhengo yemhuri yapedza masikati ese ari mukamuri rekukurumidzira ichava nemuchero kana yoga yoga paruoko pachinzvimbo chekuva nechikafu chakagadzirwa kana chinwiwa chine shuga sezvisarudzo zvavo chete.
Pakati pezvekudya zviri kusimudzirwa pane zvigadzirwa zvechinyakare zvinoumba chikamu chemaitiro ane hutano hwekudya, senge Kudya kweMediterraneanMvura sechinwiwa chikuru, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvisina shuga yakawedzerwa, zviyo, uye michero. Chinangwa ndechekutsiva zvakajairwa zvakanyanya kugadziridzwa zvigadzirwa nazvo dzimwe nzira dziri nyoreasi zvinovaka muviri zvakanyanya kunakidza.
Kurongeka patsva uku hakurambidzi zvachose kuvepo kwezvigadzirwa zvisina hutano, asi zvinozvidzikisira kune basa rechipiri rakajeka. Vachabvumidzwa chete kugara kusvika ku20% yezvipo uye vachave nemiganhu yakasimba kwazvo pane iyo inogona kuiswa mukati memuchina.
Ultra-yakagadzirwa chikafu, kunze kwenzvimbo
Chirevo chinosimbisa kuderedza kukwezva kwezvakagadzirwa zvakanyanya mukati mekutengesa michina. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvicharamba zviripo muchikamu chevashoma, asi hazvichakwanisa kutora mitsetse yepakati kana nzvimbo dzinonyanya kuoneka dzinowanzotora pfungwa dzemushandisi kutanga.
Mutengi anotsanangura zvigadzirwa izvi se yakaoma maindasitiri ekugadzira chikafuZvigadzirwa izvi zvine zvinongedzo zvakagadziriswa, zvinowedzerwa, uye huwandu hwakawanda hwemafuta akaguta, shuga, kana munyu. Ichi chikamu chinosanganisira chikamu chikuru chezvikafu zvinonaka, makeke, zvinwiwa zvine shuga, uye makiki akawanda anogadzirwa nekutengesa-chaizvo zvinhu zvinonyanya kuratidzwa muchitoro nhasi.
Iwo mutemo mutsva unozoda kuti izvi zvishoma zvinokurudzirwa zvekudya zviendeswe kune mitsara yepasi kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzekuona pasiChinangwa ndechekuti, pakutanga pakuona, mushandisi anoona sarudzo dzine hutano kutanga, nepo chikafu chekupedzisira-chakagadzirwa chinotora chigaro chekumashure uye chinoda sarudzo ine maune.
Mukuita, izvi zvinoreva kuti kana muchina uchiratidza, semuenzaniso, chokoreti kana keke, zvigadzirwa izvi hazvigone kunge zviri pakati pemunda wemutengi wekuona. Chinangwa ndechekusimudzira izvo zvinozivikanwa nezve [simba ravo] chinzvimbo uye kuwanikwa mukusarudza kutenga nokukurumidza, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu okuneta kana kuti kushushikana mupfungwa seaya anoitika muzvipatara.
Zvinwiwa zvinopisa zvisina shuga zvisina kurongeka uye kuwana mvura yemahara
Iyo Royal Decree zvakare inotaura nezvekupihwa kwezvinwiwa. Panyaya yekofi, tii, kana mimwe michina yechinwiwa chinopisa, mutemo mutsva unozoda kuti ivo bvisa shuga-isina by defaultMushandisi anogona kuwedzera shuga kana achida, aine muganho mukuru we5 gramu.
Parizvino, michina mizhinji inopa kofi kana chokoreti inopisa yatotapira, zvichiita kuti zviome kuziva kuti shuga yakawanda sei yauri kudya. Nehurongwa hutsva, kushandiswa kweshuga kwakawedzerwa kuchateverwa. more conscious and quantifiablenekumanikidza mushandisi kuti asarudze kana kuibatanidza uye kusvika kune iyo chiyero, mukati memuganhu wakatarwa nemutemo.
Chimwe chinhu chakakodzera chisungo chekuisa matsime emvura yekunwa mahara munzvimbo dzinoshandiswa matanho aya. Aya matsime emvura anofanirwa kuve akamakwa zvakajeka kuitira kuti chero munhu awane zviri nyore asingade kutenga mvura yemubhodhoro kubva kumichina yekutengesa.
Neizvi, Bazi reVatengi rine donzvo rekuita kuti mvura yemupombi ive sarudzo yakasarudzika, kubva pahutano uye bhajeti remhuri. Kune avo vanopedza maawa akawanda muchipatara vachiperekedza murwere, chiyero ichi chinogona kumiririra a yakakosha mari yekuchengetedza uye kusanyanya kutsamira pazvinwiwa zvemumabhodhoro.
Iko kusanganiswa kwezvinwiwa zvinopisa zvisina shuga nekusarudzika uye zvitubu zvemahara zvinokwana nedingindira rose rechirevo: kufambisa nharaunda uko Kusarudza sarudzo ine hutano ndiyo iri nyore uye iri pachena sarudzo., panzvimbo pechimwe chinhu chinoda kushanda nesimba.
Mhedzisiro pamamenu evana uye kuenderera mberi nemakafiteri echikoro
Gwaro racho haringovharidzi michina yekutengesa chete. Mitemo mitsva iyi zvakare inopa ... Kubviswa kwezvekudya zvakagadziriswa zvakanyanya kubva kumamenu evana nevechiri kuyaruka varwere vari muchipatara. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvese zvekudya zvavanogamuchira panguva yekugara kwavo uye sarudzo dzendiro nedzevana mumaresitorendi nedzimba dzekudyira dzakavhurirwa veruzhinji munzvimbo idzi.
Pfungwa iyi ndeyekuti mwana ari muchipatara haafanire kuve nemanuggets, pastries, kana zvinwiwa sechisarudzo chavo chikuru, asi. ndiro dzinoenderana nehutano hunokurudzirwa kubva kumasangano akadai seWorld Health Organisation (WHO) neSpanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN). Chinangwa ndechekunyanya kuchengetedza huwandu hwevanhu vari munjodzi panguva ino isina kusimba.
Ichi chirongwa chakabatana zvakananga ne Chirevo chehumambo pane Hutano uye Yakagadzikana Chikoro Kudyira DzimbaMutemo uyu, wakatenderwa muna Kubvumbi 2025, wakatosimbisa maitiro ekudya kunovaka muviri kumamenu echikoro neekoreji. Chinyorwa chitsva chezvipatara nedzimba dzevanochengeta chinotevera mutsara mumwe chete, uchiwedzera kutarisa kubva kunharaunda yechikoro kusvika kune hutano uye hutano hwehutano.
Sekureva kweBazi rezveVatengi, mirau miviri inopindura kune a kukura kubvumirana kwevanhu nesayenzi Nezvekudikanwa kwekuvandudza zvokudya munzvimbo umo vanhu vanotsamira zvikuru pane izvo zvinopiwa panzvimbo yacho, zvose zviri zviviri masangano enyanzvi namasangano avanhu ave achishora kunaka kwakashata kwezvokudya kunowanikwa muzhinji dzeidzi nzvimbo.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, Hurumende iri kuda kushandura zvipatara, misha inochengeterwa vakwegura uye nzvimbo dzehutano mabhenji enzvimbo dzekudya dzine hutanozvinoenderana nemashoko ehutano hweveruzhinji anoburitswa nemasangano ehutano pachawo.
Sei chikafu cheultra-processed chiri kunangwa?
Kukurudzira kwemutemo uyu kunotsigirwa nehuwandu huri kukura hwehuchapupu hwesainzi. Ongororo yakazara ichangobva kuburitswa mujenari The LancetKubva pane zvinopfuura zana zvidzidzo zvepasirese, inoyambira kuti kudyiwa kwezvekudya kwekupedzisira-chakagadzirwa kwave njodzi huru kuhutano hwevanhu.
Chidzidzo ichi chinobatanidza kudyiwa kwakanyanya kwezvigadzirwa izvi nengozi yakawedzera ye kufutisa, Type 2 chirwere cheshuga, chirwere chemwoyo uye kufa nguva isati yakwanaMukufanana, inotsanangura kukurumidza kusimuka kubva pamaitiro echikafu echikafu, sekudya kweMedithera, kuenda kumamodeli anotongwa nezvigadzirwa zvakagadziriswa zvakanyanya.
Spain inoonekwa mukuongororwa ikoko seimwe yenyika uko kudyiwa kwechikafu chekupedzisira-chakagadzirwa zvakanyanya mumakumi emakore apfuura. Mumakore anenge 20, mupiro wavo pakudya waizova nawo zvakapetwa katatu, zvichibva pa11% kusvika pa32% yezvinopinzwa, zvinoenderana nedata yakataurwa neBazi reConsumer Affairs.
Masangano akadai se WHO uye UNICEF Vakumbira hurumende zvakasimba kuti dzimise muitiro uyu, vachiona kuti kuwedzera kwenyika yose kwezvokudya zvinogadzirwa nemagetsi kunotyisidzira utano hwevana, kuenzana, uye kugara zvakanaka. Pakati pematanho akarongwa, vanosimbisa kukosha kwekutonga nzvimbo huru dzekudya, zvakadai sezvikoro nezvipatara, uko vanhu vane nzvimbo shoma yokuwana dzimwe nzira dzokusarudza nadzo.
Ministry of Consumer Affairs yatora kurudziro idzi dzikazvigadzirisa kumamiriro eSpanish nematanho chaiwo ane chekuita nemichina yekutengesa nemenu zvinopihwa munzvimbo dzehutano nedzimba dzinochengetwa vakwegura, nechinangwa che kuenzanisa mitemo yeruzhinji nehumbowo hwesainzi inowanikwa.
Chikamu chine anopfuura 390.000 ekutengesa michina
Iyo inogoneka chiyero chechiyero chakafara. Iyo DBK Sector Observatory yeInforma inofungidzira kuti kuSpain kune anopfuura 390.000 ekutengesa michina chezvokudya nezvinwiwa. Kunyangwe mutemo mutsva uyu pakutanga wakanangana neavo vari muzvipatara, mudzimba dzinochengeterwa vakwegura nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeveruzhinji, gurukota rinotarisira kuti richashanda serevo kune vamwe vose.
Mumakore achangopfuura, chikamu cheboka iri remichina rakanga ratotanga kubatanidza zvigadzirwa zvine hutanoZvakadaro, bazi reConsumer Affairs rinotenda kuti shanduko iyi yanga isina kukwana uye haina kuenzana munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Saka sarudzo yekumisikidza akajeka mashoma zviyero, zvirinani munzvimbo dzakanyanya kuoma.
Chishuvo cheshumiro ndechekuti zvinodiwa izvi zvigova a chiyero chehutano hwekudya Iyi modhi inogona kukwidziridzwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo, senge mayunivhesiti, nzvimbo dzebasa, nzvimbo dzemitambo, kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda. Zvinogoneka kuti, nekufamba kwenguva, modhi yacho ichawedzerwa kune mamwe mamiriro.
Kune makambani ari muchikamu chekutengesa, shanduko ichareva gadzirisa kupa kwako uye nzira yaunoratidza nayo zvigadzirwaKunyange zvazvo michina yekutengesa ine michero, nzungu, kana masangweji ehupfu zvatove kuoneka, mutemo mutsva unozoda kurongwa patsva kwemakatalogi uye kudzoreredzwa kuitira kuti nzvimbo zhinji dzigarwe nemhando idzi dzezvinhu.
Kubva pamaonero emushandisi, mhedzisiro ichave yekusangana michina inofambirana neruzhinji kurudziro yehutanokunyanya munzvimbo umo, kusvika ikozvino, sarudzo yakakanganiswa zvakanyanya nekuvapo kwega kwega kwesarudzo dzisingadikanwi.
Kodzero yekudya zvakanaka uye mutemo unouya wekushambadzira
Mukutaura kwake kwese paruzhinji nezvenyaya iyi, Pablo Bustinduy akasimbirira izvozvo “Kudyisa hakusi uye hakugoni kuva muitirowo zvawo”Kugurukota, kudya chikamu chehupenyu hwemagariro netsika uye hazvifanirwe kuve rombo rakachengeterwa avo vanogona kusarudza kana kufamba kunze kwechipatara vachitsvaga dzimwe nzira.
Nokudaro, anosimbisa mutoro wemasangano ehurumende kana zvasvika kuvimbisa kodzero yekudya kune utano uye nharaunda dzakachengeteka, kunyanya kune avo vari munjodzi zvakanyanya: vanhu vanogamuchirwa, vanhu vakwegura mudzimba, vana vari muchipatara kana mhuri dzinopedza maawa mumakamuri ekumirira.
Ministry inoronga shanduko iyi mukati mehurongwa hwakakura, hunosanganisira sedanho rinotevera mutemo wekushambadza kwezvekudya zvisina hutano zvakanangana nevanaMaererano nemashoko anobva kubazi reConsumer Affairs, mwana wokuSpain anogona kuona avhareji yezviziviso 11 pazuva, paterevhizheni chete, nokuda kwezvinhu zvinoonekwa sezvisina kunaka.
Chinangwa chakataurwa ndechekugadzirisa iyo kumberi zvakare, neziso rakananga kuderedza kudzvinyirirwa kwekutengeserana kune vadiki uye kubatsira kuderedza kukwira kwezvekudya zvakabikwa zvakanyanya pakati pevana. Mushumiri pachake akabvuma kuti ichave "hondo yakaoma," asi anotenda kuti pane kubvumirana kwevanhu pamusoro pekudiwa kwekutora matanho.
Mitemo mitsva pamakina ekutengesa nemamenu muzvipatara nedzimba dzevanotarisira inounzwa seimwe nhanho mumutsara wemitemo inotsvaka. shandura nharaunda dzatinosarudza, tisingafungi, zvatinodyaKana michina yekutengesa mumikoto yechipatara ikarega kuzadzwa chete nemakeke uye zvinwiwa zvinyoro-nyoro uye panzvimbo pacho yakazadzwa nemichero, yoghurt isina kutapirwa, mvura, uye nzungu, zvichave nyore kuti sarudzo iri nyore pakupedzisira ifanane nesarudzo ine hutano.