Itsvo inhengo dzinoita basa rekusefa ropa nekubvisa tsvina kubva mumuviri zvakaita seurea., chinhu chinogadzirwa kubva kumetabolism yemapuroteni. Kuchengetedza kushanda kweitsvo uye kudzivirira matambudziko, kunyanya muvanhu vane chirwere cheitsvo chisingaperi, zvakakosha kutevedzera kudya kwakaringana kunodzikamisa basa reitsvo.
Kudya kwakarongeka kunogona kuita mutsauko pakati pekuchengetedza hutano hwakagadzikana hweitsvo kana kukurumidza kuderera kwayo.. Naizvozvo, mugwaro iri, tichaongorora zvakanakisa zvakaderera-urea zvekudya, maitiro ekudzikisa potassium, phosphorus, uye sodium kuwandisa, uye madyiro api anogona kubatsira kuchengetedza itsvo dzako dzine hutano kwenguva refu.
Sei zvakakosha kuderedza urea yeropa?
Urea chinhu chinorasa chinogadzirwa kana ichigaya mapuroteni.. Muvanhu vane itsvo dzakakwana, chinhu ichi chinobviswa pasina kuoma kuburikidza neweti. Zvisinei, kana itsvo dzikakuvadzwa kana kukanganiswa, urea inogona kuungana mumuviri uye kukonzera zviratidzo zvakadai sokuneta, kusvotwa, kurasikirwa nechido, kana kuvhiringidzika mupfungwa.
Kudzora mazinga eurea muropa ndicho chinhu chakakosha kudzivirira chepfu, kuchengetedza muviri, uye kunonoka kufambira mberi kwekukuvara kweitsvo.. Nzira yakanakisa yekuita izvi ndeyekudya kune hutano kunoderedza mapuroteni akawandisa, kunyanya kubva kumhuka, uye kukoshesa hutano, zvirimwa-zvakavakirwa masosi. Zvinonakidzawo kuziva kuti sei kutora michero yakakwana inogona kufurira.
Mapuroteni mukudya: mwero uye kunaka
Kushandisa mapuroteni akawanda kunogona kukuvadza kune avo vanotova nematambudziko eitsvo., sezvo iyi macronutrient inogadzira tsvina yakawanda iyo itsvo dzinofanira kubvisa, dzakadai seyambotaurwa urea uye mamwe ma nitrogenous compounds. Izvo hazvisi zvekubvisa zvachose mapuroteni, sezvo akakosha pamabasa akakosha, asi pane kugadzirisa huwandu hwavo uye kusarudza iyo yakakodzera kwazvo.
Yakakwira biological value mapuroteni, akadai seaya anobva mazai, hove chena, kana mazai chena, anopa kunyura kwakanaka uye anoburitsa tsvina shoma.. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti varwere vasati vari pa dialysis vadye pakati 0,6 uye 0,8 magiramu eprotein pakirogiramu yehuremu hwakakodzera zuva. Mukupesana, avo vari pa dialysis vangangoda kusvika 1,2 kusvika 1,4 g / kg / zuva, nekuda kwekupfeka kukuru kwekudya.
Anokurudzirwa mapuroteni anosanganisirwa mukudya kwakaringana:
- Mazai machena uye mazai asina yolk (zvine mwero)
- Hove chena dzakaita sehake kana kuti fresh cod
- Chifuva chehuku chisina ganda (muzvishoma)
- Tofu uye pasi-phosphorus soy kugadzirira
Nzvimbo dzekudzivisa kana kuderedza:
- Nyama tsvuku
- Soseji uye nyama yakagadzirwa
- Zvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvakazara uye chizi dzakarapwa
- Nuts uye legumes (nekuda kwehuwandu hwe phosphorus uye potasium)
Kuderedza phosphorus: imwe kiyi yekudzivirira itsvo dzako
Phosphorus iminerari inowanikwa mune zvakawanda zvekudya, uye inowanzozara muropa revarwere vane chirwere chetsvo.. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko makuru emapfupa, itching, vascular calcifications, uye kunyange kukanganisa kwemwoyo. Naizvozvo zvakakosha kufunga nezve maitiro ezvimwe zvekudya kudzivisa phosphorus.
Zvokudya zvakapfuma mu phosphorus zvinosanganisira:
- Zvigadzirwa zvemukaka (kunyanya mukaka uye cheeses akarapwa)
- Nyama tsvuku, offal uye soseji
- Cola zvinwiwa zvinwiwa uye zvinwiwa zvakasviba zvine additives
- Nzungu, nyemba uye mbeu
- Mbeu dzese
Mamwe masosi akakodzera ane yakaderera phosphorus zvemukati:
- Unfortified mupunga mukaka
- Chingwa chichena uye mupunga wakanatswa
- Miriwo mitsva nemichero (yakaderera potassium)
- Nyore dzakareruka dzakadai semolina kana chena furawa yegorosi
Zano rinobatsira nderekutarisa mavara uye kudzivirira zvigadzirwa zvakagadziridzwa zvine zvinongedzo zvinosanganisira acronyms "fos" kana "phos", sezvo kazhinji ane phosphate additives..
Potassium control: kudzivirira hyperkalemia
Potassium imwe mineral inosefa itsvo.. Kana basa rayo richiderera, potassium inounganidza muropa, zvichiita kuti cardiac arrhythmias uye kunyange kusungwa kwemwoyo. Ndicho chikonzero nei zvakakosha kuenzanisa kudya kwe potassium pane mamwe matanho echirwere chetsvo.
Zvibereko nemiriwo ine yakaderera potassium yemukati inogona kuverengerwa:
- Apple, peari, watermelon uye mazambiringa
- Karoti, cucumber, lettuce uye zucchini
- Koliflower, hanyanisi, broccoli uye celery
- Canned pasina muto uye yakashambidzwa
Zvokudya zvekudzikamisa kana kudzivirira nekuda kwehuwandu hwazvo hwe potassium:
- Banana, orenji, kiwi uye mavise
- Tomate, mbatatisi, sipinashi yakabikwa
- Muriwo
- Zvibereko zvakaomeswa (zvakadai semazambiringa akaomeswa kana mazuva)
Matekiniki akadai sekunyura kwenguva refu uye kubika kaviri anogona kuderedza zvakanyanya potassium muzvokudya.. Somuenzaniso, Kubika mbatatisi uye kushandura mvura yekubika kunobatsira kuderedza zvirimo kusvika pa50%..
Dzivisa kuwandisa sodium (munyu)
Sodium, iripo mumunyu wakafanana, inobatsira mukuchengetedza mvura, BP, uye kuwedzera kukuvara kweitsvo.. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kuderedza kushandiswa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. World Health Organisation inokurudzira kusapfuudza 5-6 magiramu emunyu zuva nezuva (vamwe 2-2,3 magiramu e sodium).
Mazano ekudzikisa munyu pasina kupira flavour:
- Dzivisa chikafu chakabikwa, chemumagaba, kana chakabikwa kare
- Shandisa zvinonhuwira, miriwo uye muto wemonamu
- Verenga mavara uye dzivirira zvigadzirwa zvine zvakawanda kupfuura 100 mg ye sodium pakushumira
- Chengetedza munyu kure netafura uye usawedzera munyu kana uchibika.
Soups dzakagadzirirwa, soseji, chizi dzakaporeswa uye snacks zvine munyu zvinonyanya kunetsa., sezvo vachiwanzova nehuwandu hwakawanda hwe sodium yakavanzika.
Ko makabhohaidhiretsi nemafuta anoita basa rei?
Makabhohaidhiretsi anopa simba pasina kuwandisa itsvo., uye kana vakasarudzwa zvakanaka, vanogona kubatsira kuchengetedza uremu hwakanaka. Zvakanakisisa zvingasarudzwa zvinononoka-kunwa macarbohydrates akaoma: chingwa chichena, mupunga, pasta, zviyo zvisina bran, kana chibage.
Kana ari mafuta, ane utano anofanira kukoshesa., zvakadai semafuta emuorivhi ekuwedzera, avocado (kana potassium ikabvumirwa), nehove ine omega-3 yakawanda. Trans mafuta, chikafu chakakangwa, masoseji ane mafuta, uye makeke akagadzirwa zvinofanirwa kudziviswa.
Hurongwa huri pakati nepakati hunosanganisira:
- 50-60% yemakoriori kubva kune yakaoma carbohydrates
- 30-35% yekoriori mumhando yemafuta ane hutano
- Mapuroteni ane mwero zvinoenderana nedanho remurwere renal
Kukosha kwe hydration maererano nedanho rechirwere
Mumatanho ekutanga ekutadza kwetsvo, kukwanisa kuita weti kunochengetedzwa, saka kazhinji hazvidikanwi kudzora mvura.. Muchokwadi Kudya kukuru (pakati pe2 ne2,5 malita zuva nezuva) kunogona kubatsira kubvisa tsvina uye kudzivirira kuumbwa kwematombo eitsvo..
Zvisinei, sezvo chirwere chichifambira mberi kana kuti dialysis inotanga, huwandu hwemvura inomwiwa inofanira kuderedzwa. kudzivirira kuwandisa. Muzviitiko izvi, zano rekurapa rinoona iyo chaiyo mari inoenderana neweti kubuda uye interdialytic uremu kuwedzera.
Mazano anoshanda ekudzora nyota zviri nani:
- Dzivisa zvokudya zvine munyu
- Isai muto mu cubes uye uzvipedze zvishoma nezvishoma
- Shandisa magirazi madiki uye usaazadze zvakare mushure.
- Geza muromo wako kazhinji nemvura inotonhora
Acid-base balance uye basa remichero nemiriwo
Chikafu chine acidic, chakapfuma muprotein yemhuka, zviyo uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, zvinoisa mutoro mukuru paitsvo., sezvo vachifanira kubvisa tsvina yakadai seorganic acids uye ammonia. Mhando iyi yekudya inosanganiswa nekukurumidza kufambira mberi kwechirwere cheitsvo. Kuti uite izvi, zvakakosha kuti chikafu chine iyo miriwo yakakodzera.
Michero nemiriwo mitsva zvinopa mutero wealkaline chaiwo, sezvo dzine zvinhu zvakadai se citrate uye acetate, izvo zvinobatsira kuderedza maasidhi. Mune varwere vanodzorwa, kubatanidzwa kwayo kwakadzikama uye kutariswa kunogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakanaka pasina kukonzera hyperkalemia.
Ndokusaka chiyero chepakati pakati pe acidifying uye alkalizing chikafu chinokurudzirwa., yakagadziridzwa kumunhu mumwe nomumwe, nerutsigiro rwenyanzvi yerenal nutritionist.
Kudya kwakanangana nehutano hweitsvo kunofanirwa kuve kwemunhu, kuchinjika, uye kuenzanirana. Hazvina kukwana kubvisa zvikafu zvishoma: Nhanho yechirwere, kurapwa (zvakadai se dialysis), chimiro chekudya uye kushivirira kwega kwega kwemurwere kunofanira kuverengwa.. Kushanda takabatana nenyanzvi yekudya kunopa mutsauko wese. Chinokosha ndechekuderedza basa reitsvo pasina kuwira mukushayikwa kwezvokudya, izvo zvinowanikwa nekubatanidza zvokudya zvakaderera mu urea, phosphorus, uye potassium, yakakwana hydration, sodium control, uye nzira dzakakodzera dzekubika. Dzidzo yezvekudya, kugadziridza zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kugara uchiongorora kurapwa kwakakosha kuchengetedza hupenyu uye kunonoka kufambira mberi kwechirwere cheitsvo.
